I have a steel stake that screws into the ground with a 1/4" twisted steel cable that I got years ago.

https://www.amazon.com/ATOMZING-Spiral-Strong-Ground-Camping/dp/B08P5N833P/ref=sr_1_48?crid=Z12PEGKVH82D&keywords=dog+stake&qid=1650650718&sprefix=dog+stake%2Caps%2C74&sr=8-48

I had a 60-lb German Shepherd and then a 65-lb Pit Bull and they weren't able to budge it.