Turntable: Audio Technica at-lp3bk $200 https://www.amazon.com/Audio-Technica-AT-LP3BK-Automatic-Belt-Drive-Turntable/dp/B01N6YK1GA
Receiver: Sony str-dh190 $168 https://www.amazon.com/Sony-STRDH190-Stereo-Receiver-Bluetooth/dp/B078WFDR8D/
Or
Yamaha R-S202 $200 https://www.amazon.com/Yamaha-Audio-R-S202BL-Stereo-Receiver/dp/B01EMQI2CU/
Speakers: Wharfedale diamond 220 $250 https://www.amazon.com/Wharfedale-5025941156901-Diamond-220-Walnut/dp/B00TYN3EUC
Add a sub for some extra oomph $70 https://www.amazon.com/Monoprice-108248-60-Watt-Powered-Subwoofer/dp/B009GUTJ34/
You could go cheaper with a small class d amp like the fosi tb10d or bt20a pro and a pair on Neumi bs5. I would only recommend this for a desktop or bedroom.
Bare minimum would be the Insignia turntable from bestbuy and a pair of edifier r1280t powered speakers.
You’ll need an amplifier like this
Look behind your speaker to see the power of it (in Watt [W]) and search an amplifier with enough output power. This amplifier as a 100W output for example.
And to connect the speakers to the amplifier you’ll need this type of cables
And then you can play music via Bluetooth or, if you have a mini jack, you can use that type of cables Hope I helped !
Ohhh, a newbie! This will be fun... 🙃
A standard record player/turntable (you can use them interchangeably) will output using stereo RCA. The signal needs to go through a Phono Preamp first. Some turntables have a preamp built-in, most do not (especially as you move up the quality scale).
Then you need an amplifier to power the speakers you get. Some speakers can be plugged directly into a “line-level” jack (think headphone port). Others need an amplifier. You can get a cheap one on Amazon like this, or a nicer one like this, or you could try your local thrift store; stereo amps don’t have to be particularly new, so it’s often easy to score one for cheap.
As for the actual record player, [Rega] and Pro-Ject are the two big brands, as well as U-Turn and the every level. What I would call the first fully “proper” turntable starts at around $400. A U-Turn Orbit can be had for around $200. You can get a black plastic Sony or AudioTechnica on Amazon for $100, but I would advise against it.
The tables you’ll want to look for are the Rega Planar 1 (or “P1”), the Pro-Ject Debut/Debut Carbon, or the U-Turn Orbit. Don’t buy from Amazon. Best Buy/Magnolia is a good source, as is your local Hi-Fi dealer (assuming you have one).
I’ve owned the Pro-Ject Debut Carbon and the Regs P3, and liked them both. Please feel free to ask my anything, or PM me. I’m happy to help in any way that I can!