I would say that "The Korean Language" seems like it's of more interest for linguists rather than for language learners, although I haven't seen the whole thing.

What I would recommend is a book that goes over the basic grammar. Practical Korean by Samuel Martin looked like a good book at first glance, but supposedly there are some mistakes, and the next edition of the book doesn't come out until September of this year.

Instead, Survival Korean: Basic Grammar Skills by Stephen Revere, if you can find it, is a really good introduction to the most important grammar patterns, and you'll need that as a foundation to understand the next book, which (I think) is exactly what you're looking for:

Using Korean: A Contemporary Guide to Usage, by Miho Choo and Hye-young Kwak.

That book is a good guide to learn much of the grammar and nuances of the language, but the range is large, so it's good to understand which are the most important parts. If you happen to not be able to find a basic grammar book, Basic Korean by Andrew Byon, although it is a little dry, at least points out the basic grammar that you need to know, and you can cross-reference that to the examples in Using Korean. Those two books are available online if you know where to look (cough, cough).

Hope that was helpful; if you have any other questions, let me know.