Amazon carries StarTech and Tripp Lite branded recessing adapters and front panels.
Front panel with key lock: https://www.amazon.com/StarTech-com-Rack-Mount-Security-Cover-Compatible/dp/B084PBTJ7J/ref=sr_1_4?dchild=1&keywords=3U+rack+mount+front+panel&qid=1615498953&sr=8-4
Note: IT rack standard cage nuts will be required.
Yeah, I was in a similar situation, even bought that extender you mention and these startech 1U and 2U variant, but they don't fully align with 1U/2U stuff like switches, patch panels and servers, so I replaced it with a deeper rack, problem solved.