You could try adding a level shifter inline to boost the logic levels. I needed to use one on the WLED strips I installed. (Photos 2/3 show the controller.)

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07LG646VS/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_search_asin_title?ie=UTF8&psc=1

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Much easier to work with than a dip chip.

How has this worked out for you? I'm working on the same setup, using an esp32 and a 12v SK6812 60/m led strip. Were these the level converters that worked?

Thanks for this post, I'm also relatively new!