Yes, there are plenty of devices. Here are some that I use here to do exactly what you're looking to do; test USB cables:
I own and use each of these devices, and each of them have their own nuances and features, with a little overlap. I can recommend the first 3 very highly. You won't be disappointed with any of them.
I literally just ordered the FNB58 which should be here tomorrow, and I also own the Klein ET920 (along with several other USB meters).
What you probably want is the data from the FNB58 or the Power-Z from ChargerLabs (I use this one every day).
If you're afraid that your charger will destroy your device or it will pull too much current through it, you may want to get a charger that explicitly states its supported current and draw.
You can also get an adapter that will shunt the cables and reduce the current, so you don't fry it.