$49 Technolink
$99 iFi Zen Air or U-Turn Pluto 2
Or you could even use your old receiver with the new TV: TV digital optical output > $13 digital to analog converter > RCA input on receiver.
Which model cartridge, stylus and speakers?
If the Orbit does not have the optional built in phono preamp then you need to connect one between the Orbit and the Edifier powered speakers.
A $16 Pyle PP555 may be sufficient for the basic Edifer speakers or the $49 Technolink should be more than sufficient.
Best value under $300 IMO is the Fluance RT82 $299 when back in stock at the end of the month. It adds auto stop and then has the same optical sensor speed controlled servo motor for low wow and flutter and speed variation. Includes an OM10 cartridge that is a bit better than the newer version 2M Red. Pass on the older RT81 that lacks the new speed sensor. Pass on the RT83 since the cartridge is not any better. If not using a receiver or integrated amp with a phono input add a Pyle PP444 $18 to start with that may be around the same quality as the one in the Audio Technica or step up Technolink TCC TC-750LC $49 adds adjustable gain, also available at Amazon.
AT-LPW30TK $329 $199 has a built in phono preamp and is plenty good for Sony speakers. Optionally at some point or when the included AT-VMN95C stylus wears out and it's time to replace it upgrade to the $49 AT-VMN95E stylus or if you later upgrade your speakers and phono preamp the $99 AT-VMN95EN.
Fluance RT82 $299 adds auto stop and then an optical sensor speed controlled servo motor for low wow and flutter and speed variation. Includes the OM10 cartrdige that is just as good as the newer version 2M Red. Pass on the older RT80 and RT81 that lack the new speed sensor. Pass on the RT83 since the cartridge is not any better. Plus a phono preamp. Technolink is $49 plus shipping or over budget $99 iFi Zen AIR Phono.
A better value with better adjustments is the AT-LPW30TK $249 $199 with a built in phono preamp. Optionally now or later upgrade to the E or EN stylus.
The Fluance RT82 $299 adds auto stop. Includes the OM10 cartridge that is just as good as the newer version 2M Red. Pass on the older RT80 and RT81 that lack the new speed sensor that the RT82 has. Pass on the RT83 since the cartridge is not any better. Plus a $49 Technolink or $99 iFi Zen AIR Phono preamp.
If you want a Project then for $500 you can get a much better Pro-ject Debut Carbon EVO $449 demo sale plus a $49 Technolink phono preamp.
However any turntable will be limited by a single essentially mono speaker. A pair of speakers will give you stereo separation for good imaging and sound stage.
Speaker Placement Guide: Get The Best Sound From Your Stereo
What speaker amplification and speakers will you be using the turntable with?
Orbit lacks user adjustable anti-skate, lacks a rotary dial on the tracking force adjustment, lacks a speed switch so you need to move the belt to the other pulley to change speeds and adding options to increase the cost does not make the turntable itself, the motor and tonearm, any better.
Turntables that have the features the Orbit is missing:
highlights the quality of the records I have
Then upgrade from the small Bose computer speakers to a better and larger pair of home audio speakers since the speakers may be more of a sound quailty bottleneck than the turntable could be.
Ideally spend the $300 upgrade budget on speakers first then upgrade the turntable later.
What is your room size, LxWxH?
What is a nearby town or zip code I can search for used options? Reply here or chat.
Amp or receiver plus passive speakers:
Amplification:
Passive speakers on sale:
Plus speaker wire, pure copper oxygen free 16 AWG. Then How To Strip Speaker Wire and How to Install Speaker Wire.
Later turntable upgrade:
Or a lesser speaker upgrade plus a turntable upgrade for $335:
If you are looking for better sound quality then a speaker upgrade is the next step for your setup.
Once you upgrade the speakers then you could upgrade the stylus on the AT-LP60X to LP Gear Carbon and to an external Technolink phono preamp.
Pass on the U-Turn Orbit that lacks user adjustable anti-skate, lacks a rotary dial on the tracking force adjustment, lacks a speed switch so you need to move the belt to the other pulley to change the speed and the cue lever costs $40 extra.
After the speaker upgrade, turntables that have the features that the Orbit lacks and include a cue lever:
Also Technolink TC-750LC $49 plus $6 shipping may be a better value and option than the Art DJ Pre II.
The older RT81 is not worth buying anymore since the newer improved Fluance RT82 for $50 more adds a $100 increase in performance and component value since it adds the new optical sensor speed controlled motor for much lower wow and flutter and speed variation and the speed won't drift since the sensor is monitoring the speed 400 times a second. Includes the OM10 cartrdige that is just as good as the newer version 2M Red. Pass on the RT83 since the cartridge is not any better.
Fluance RT82 $299 + Technolink $49 phono preamp is a step up from the basic $15 value phono preamp built into the RT81 + Klipsch KD-400 $329 $159 powered speakers on sale with analog RCA input for the turntable and phono preamp, USB input for a computer, digital optical input for a computer or TV, Bluetooth for streaming audio, and a subwoofer output.
A lower cost better value option is AT-LPW30TK $249 $175 with built in phono preamp + Klipsch KD-400 $329 $159.
Or the automatic AT-LP3 $249 $125 with built in phono preamp + Klipsch KD-400 $329 $159.
Or instead of powered speakers, a separate amp and passive speakers:
Amps with a built in phono preamp for the Fluance RT82:
Or amps with line input for the AT-LPW30TK or AT-LP3:
Any of the above amps plus passive speakers:
Plus speaker wire for the passive speakers, pure copper oxygen free 16 AWG. Then How To Strip Speaker Wire and How to Install Speaker Wire.
Audio-Technica AT-LPW30TK and Audio-Technica At-LP5X are the better options on that list.
Your budget is $450? Pass on the basic entry level Sony and AT-LP60X.
Fluance RT82 $299 adds auto stop. Pass on the older RT80 and RT81 that lack the new speed sensor. Pass on the RT83 since the cartridge is not any better. Plus a $49 Technolink or $99 iFi Zen AIR Phono preamp.
Pass on the Primary and T1. If you want a Project get a better Pro-ject Debut Carbon EVO $449 demo sale.
What will you be connecting the turntable too, which amp and speakers?
The RT82 is less than 5 years old so yeah you won't find many used ones.
RT82 includes an RCA cable > phono preamp > RCA cable included with the Edifier speakers > Edifier S2000 MkIII
The included Fluance RCA cable is thick and good quailty. If the Edifier RCA cable is thinner and cheaper then you could get some thicker RCA cables like the Fluance RCA cables from Amazon are Amazon Basics, Monoprice or Kabeldirekt or Crutchfield brand from Crutchfield.com
Phono preamps:
$14 Pyle PP444 is around the same quailty as the basic one in entry level AT turntables so it's ok to start with if low on budget then upgrade later.
$49 https://www.amazon.com/Technolink-TC-750LC-Audiophile-Preamp-Control/dp/B07954LHP9 may be just as good as the $99 Fluance PA10 and it adds gain adjustment dial.
$99 iFi Zen AIR Phono if you want to spend $99 is a very good phono preamp to go with the good Edifier speakers.
Which model speaker set?
You are probably missing a phono preamp. Example. Also what is a phono preamp?
Common turntable setup options:
Turntables:
Powered speakers with wired input for the turntable and computer plus Bluetooth for streaming audio:
Or can you test the Onkyo receiver and Aiwa passive speakers with your computer or smartphone? Which model Onkyo and which model Aiwa? Once you know the Onkyo is working you could upgrade to a good $100+ pair of passive speakers. You can connect a $29 Bluetooth receiver to the Onkyo if you want it to have Bluetooth.
The stylus is replaceable on the AT-LP60, just the cartridge is not.
What is the rest of your setup that the AT-LP60 is connected to?
Fluance RT82 $299 has auto stop and then an optical sensor speed controlled servo motor for lower wow and flutter and speed variation and the speed won't drift since the sensor is monitoring the speed 400 times a second to always play at the correct speed. Includes the OM10 cartridge that is just as good as the newer version 2M Red. Pass on the older RT80 and RT81 that lack the new speed sensor. Pass on the RT83 since the cartridge is not any better. Plus a $49 Technolink phono preamp if not using a receiver or amp that has a phono input.
AT-LPW30TK $249 $199 is a good value with a built in phono preamp and also may have the same or similar speed sensor as the Fluance and they may both be made in the same factory in China.
Technolink TC-750LC would be a better option?